You could switch to a Mercruiser pump. They are as fast as 24V on the pump you have.
On the pump you show in your picture, the top solenoid ( the one with the blue wire coming out of the trim pump) is your up solenoid. That solenoid should have 4 poles, One has a blue wire that goes to your pump, one has a black ground wire, one has a red hot wire, and one has blue wires coming in from your switches. Both solenoids share the same power feed, so you will need to remove the jumper from one solenoid to the other to isolate the up solenoid from the down. Leave the down solenoid hooked up to 12V. Run a new red wire from the up solenoid where the old red wire was over to your battery compartment and hook it up to your 24V source and you should be good to go.
I had the same pump as you at first, hooked up to 24V on the up side, and eventually changed to the Mercruiser pump because it is faster and you can see how much fluid is in it. I cut the wires off of the input plug (the one you have the hose clamp on) and wired everything up direct to the solenoids, for me it was simpler that way. This is what mine looked like: